Trellis charts are grouped sets of visuals that represent different partitions (segments) of the dataset in the same chart type, scale, and axes. This makes the comparison of sub-groups very intuitive. Trellis charts are sometimes called lattice charts, grid charts, panel charts, or small multiples.
Any chart type that uses the X and Y axes explicitly may be trellisable, depending on the dataset. What is required is an extra entry on either the X or Y shelf; the first field on the shelf represents the segment definition of the trellis, and the second field is the actual dimension. Some charts types have optional X and Y shelves so that trellises may be enabled.
A dataset may be double-trellisable — you could declare a 'partition' on both X and Y shelves at the same time.
You can find thorough examples of creating charts trellised on dimensions in the following articles:
Some visual types (bars, lines, areas, and grouped bars) support trellising on measures.